Chira Watta, often referred to simply as Watta, or Chira, is the most widely recognized traditional musical instrument and genre in Tigrai, and is also common in parts of Eritrea. It combines a unique instrument known as the Watta with the player’s singing and rhythmic skills. Held against the chest, the Watta is played by a single person who simultaneously acts as the singer. Similar in concept to Morocco’s Ribab, this stringed instrument is found in various forms across different cultures, each with small variations in style and technique.
The Watta is crafted from a wooden rhombus-shaped box covered with animal hide. A wooden pole runs diagonally through the box, extending out at both ends. At the top, a small horizontal stick is inserted, from which a string is stretched down to an anchor at the bottom of the box. A triangular wooden support lifts the string slightly off the skin-covered surface, adding tension for a clearer sound. A small hole is made below this support to enhance the acoustics.
To play, the musician uses a bow-like stick, curved into a half-circle and strung with a similar string. This bow is drawn across the main string of the Watta, producing a rich, distinctive sound. The player’s fingers manipulate the string to create a variety of tones and melodies that match the cultural beats of Tigrai. Though the construction may differ slightly between players, the essential elements of the Watta remain the same.
Chira Watta is a central feature of traditional weddings, religious ceremonies, and cultural festivities throughout Tigrai. It is often accompanied by the Kebero, a drum-like instrument that is played by hand. The Watta itself is akin to a one-man band, versatile enough to stand alone or complement other traditional genres such as Awris, Hura Seleste, Kuda, and Hura Raya.
What sets Watta players apart is their remarkable ability to infuse humor and creativity into their performances. They have a gift for composing impromptu verses that reflect current events, often addressing societal customs, daily life, and even taboo topics in a playful and thought-provoking way. With their deep connection to the public, Watta players weave together music, storytelling, and humor to both entertain and educate.
Beyond entertainment, Chira Watta is a powerful promoter of cultural values. Watta songs provide an authentic glimpse into Tigrai’s way of life, capturing everything from clothing and dance to courtship, conflict, and social interactions. Many of these songs are performed in historically and culturally significant locations, further enhancing the importance of these places as key destinations and attractions.